How-To Guides
Step-by-step guides that teach you how to perform calculations manually.
How to Calculate the Midpoint: Step-by-Step Guide
Learn to find the midpoint between two points manually
Read guideHow to Calculate Slope: Step-by-Step Guide
Calculate slope between two points manually
Read guideCircle Calculator: Step-by-Step Guide
Calculate circle properties manually
Read guideMastering Plane Geometry: A Step-by-Step Guide
Calculate area, perimeter, and properties of 2D shapes
Read guideHow to Calculate the Area of an Annulus: Step-by-Step Guide
Learn to manually calculate the area of an annulus (ring shape) with our step-by-step guide. Understand the formula A = π(R² − r²), see examples, and avoid common mistakes.
Read guideHow to Calculate Regular Polygon Properties: Step-by-Step Guide
Learn to manually calculate area, perimeter, and angles of regular polygons. Understand the formulas with a simple guide and worked examples.
Read guideHow to Calculate the Area and Perimeter of a Rhombus: Step-by-Step Guide
Learn to manually calculate the area and perimeter of any rhombus using simple formulas. Understand the steps, formulas, and worked examples.
Read guideHow to Calculate Parallelogram Area and Perimeter: Step-by-Step Guide
Learn to manually calculate the area (base × height) and perimeter (2 × (base + side)) of any parallelogram with this easy guide. Includes example and pitfalls.
Read guideHow to Calculate the Pythagorean Theorem: Step-by-Step Guide
Learn to manually calculate the Pythagorean Theorem to find any side of a right triangle. Includes formula, examples, and common pitfalls.
Read guideHow to Calculate Right Triangle Sides Using the Pythagorean Theorem: Step-by-Step Guide
Learn to calculate right triangle sides manually using the Pythagorean Theorem (a² + b² = c²). Includes formula, examples, and common pitfalls.
Read guideHow to Calculate Square Properties: Area, Perimeter, and Diagonal
Learn to manually calculate the area, perimeter, and diagonal of any square. Understand the formulas with a step-by-step guide and worked examples.
Read guideHow to Calculate Rectangle Properties: Area, Perimeter, and Diagonal Step-by-Step Guide
Learn to manually calculate a rectangle's area, perimeter, and diagonal. Understand formulas, see worked examples, and avoid common errors.
Read guideHow to Calculate Geometry Measurements: Step-by-Step Guide
Learn geometry calculations
Read guideHow to Calculate Derangements: Step-by-Step Guide
Calculate derangements manually
Read guideCatalan Number Calculator: Step-by-Step Guide
Calculate nth Catalan number manually
Read guideHow to Calculate Stirling Numbers: Step-by-Step Guide
Calculate Stirling numbers manually
Read guideInclusion-Exclusion Principle Calculator: A Step-by-Step Guide
Learn to calculate union counts manually
Read guideHow to Calculate Fibonacci Numbers: Step-by-Step Guide
Learn to calculate Fibonacci numbers manually
Read guideHow to Calculate Pascal's Triangle: Step-by-Step Guide
Learn to calculate Pascal's Triangle manually
Read guideHow to Calculate Factorial n!: Step-by-Step Guide
Learn to calculate factorials manually
Read guideHow to Calculate Combinations (nCr): Step-by-Step Guide
Calculate combinations without replacement
Read guideHow to Calculate Histogram Data: Step-by-Step Guide
Learn to create frequency distribution and histogram data manually
Read guideHow to Calculate Combinations (nCr): Step-by-Step Guide
Learn to calculate combinations (nCr) by hand using the formula n! / (r! * (n-r)!). Includes a worked example, common pitfalls, and connection to Pascal's Triangle.
Read guideHow to Calculate Permutations with Replacement: Step-by-Step Guide
Learn to calculate permutations with replacement (nʳ) by hand! Understand the formula, work through examples, and avoid common mistakes.
Read guideHow to Calculate Combinations with Replacement: Step-by-Step Guide
Learn to calculate combinations with replacement (stars and bars formula) C(n+r-1, r) by hand. Includes examples, formula breakdown, and common pitfalls.
Read guideHow to Calculate Permutations (nPr): Step-by-Step Guide
Learn to calculate permutations (nPr) by hand. Understand the formula, work through a step-by-step example, and avoid common pitfalls. Order matters!
Read guideHow to Calculate Combinations and Permutations: Step-by-Step Guide
Learn to manually calculate combinations and permutations with step-by-step instructions, formulas, and examples. Understand when order matters!
Read guideHow to Calculate the Five-Number Summary for a Box Plot: Step-by-Step Guide
Learn to manually calculate the five-number summary (min, Q1, median, Q3, max) and IQR for a box plot. Includes examples and common pitfalls.
Read guideHow to Calculate Moving Averages Manually: SMA, EMA, and WMA
Learn to calculate Simple, Exponential, and Weighted Moving Averages step-by-step. Understand the formulas, see examples, and avoid common pitfalls.
Read guideHow to Calculate Covariance: Step-by-Step Guide
Learn to manually calculate population and sample covariance between two datasets (X and Y) with formulas, a worked example, and common pitfalls.
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